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Can Cryotherapy Cure Plantar Fasciitis?

By Kristi Van Winkle, BSN. RN   

Plantar fasciitis is irritation and inflammation caused by micro-tears in the band of tissue between the heel and the toes, which can cause pain in the heel area. Podiatrists may recommend ice packs to ease the pain and help the healing process, but is cryotherapy a viable option for plantar fasciitis treatment?

Plantar fasciitis Vector illustration
  • What is Cryotherapy?
  • Which Doctor Should I see About Cryotherapy Treatment?
  • Who is Prone to Plantar Fasciitis?
  • Can Cryotherapy Cure Plantar Fasciitis?
  • What Other Treatments Can I Try for Plantar Fasciitis?

What is Cryotherapy?

Cryotherapy uses extreme cold to manage and treat certain medical conditions, including certain forms of cancer, warts, and skin tags. Podiatrists may also recommend it for a foot injury like plantar fasciitis.

Cryotherapy, also called cryoablation, targets and destroys specific fibers in the affected nerves in the foot. Freezing these nerve fibers can reduce or stop pain signals from transmitting to the brain. In addition, the therapy allows the healthy nerve tissue to regrow and may even prevent future irritation of the nerves in the long term.

Which Doctor Should I See About Cryotherapy Treatment?

A podiatrist can perform the procedure in their office. It only takes a few minutes and is relatively painless. However, you may feel a pinch when the needle used to inject the numbing medicine is put into your heel. After that, you may feel pressure as the doctor makes a small incision and inserts the probe into your foot.

After the procedure, you may experience.

  • Numbness
  • Swelling
  • Bruising
  • Tingling

These are normal and should go away within a few days. You may also feel a small bump in your foot at the procedural site. The lump is usually not painful and should go away within six months.

In rare cases, nerve or skin damage may occur at the site. Contact your doctor if your pain is extreme or the procedure's side effects do not go away within a few days or weeks.

Who is Prone to Plantar Fasciitis

Plantar fasciitis accounts for about 15% of all foot pain and is one of the most common causes of pain in the heel area. Millions of people in the United States experience plantar fasciitis every year.

You may be more prone to plantar fasciitis under certain conditions, such as if you

  • are a runner
  • have obesity
  • are an older adult
  • have high arches
  • have fallen arches
  • have tight leg muscles
  • have limited movement in your ankle
  • have an occupation requiring you to be on your feet all day

People usually describe the pain as a sharp pain in the heel. Some people may also have a heel spur, but the heel spur does not cause the plantar fasciitis.

Plantar fasciitis is not easy to treat. As a result, some people become dissatisfied with the typical treatments recommended by their doctors.

Most doctors recommend conservative treatments, and surgery is usually only used as a last resort. However, your doctor may recommend cryotherapy as a median treatment before surgery.

Can Cryotherapy Cure Plantar Fasciitis?

In conjunction with other treatments, cryotherapy may be a viable treatment option to relieve plantar fasciitis pain in some people.

An American Academy of Podiatric Sports Medicine survey revealed that most doctors recommend cryotherapy for people with early-stage plantar fasciitis.

A 2014 study indicated that cryoultrasound, a combination of cryotherapy and ultrasound therapy, could effectively treat plantar fasciitis with long-lasting results.

Ask your doctor if cryotherapy would be a good option to manage and treat your plantar fasciitis.

What Other Treatments Can I Try for Plantar Fasciitis?

Treating plantar fasciitis can be challenging and often takes time. Your podiatrist may not recommend cryotherapy at the beginning. They might want to try some less invasive treatments first. And even after cryotherapy, you may still need to maintain simple precautions to prevent plantar fasciitis from recurring.

The American Academy of Podiatric Sports Medicine recommends several ways to treat and manage plantar fasciitis.

  • Take over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication, such as Tylenol.
  • Buy shoes with good arch supports or buy over-the-counter arch supports.
  • Wear foot straps or splints at night while you are sleeping.
  • Walk for exercise, but rest when your feet start to hurt.
  • Put an ice pack on the area when it starts to hurt.
  • Stay off your feet as much as possible at your job.
  • Stretch your leg muscles, especially the calf.
  • Massage the arch and heel of your foot.
  • Use over-the-counter heel cushions.
  • Rest the foot when it starts to hurt.
  • Wear flat shoes.
  • Walk barefoot.

Plantar fasciitis treatments generally take a least six weeks to begin working. So, try the above suggestions for a few months, then ask your podiatrist about cryotherapy or other treatment options if the above options are not working.

Typically, your podiatrist will only recommend more invasive treatments as a last resort when all other treatments have failed.

  • Corticosteroid injections may be effective for short-term pain relief, usually up to a month or so.
  • Platelet-rich plasma injections can aid in healing the plantar fascia by providing more healing platelet-rich plasma to the site.
  • Autologous blood injections are a newer treatment that works similarly to plasma injections. Whole blood is used instead of only plasma.
  • Extracorporeal shock wave therapy involves high-energy sound waves that reinjure the fascia and promote new blood vessel growth in the area. Increased blood supply leads to increased local growth factors.
  • Radiation therapy reduces inflammation in the area and decreases pain reception at the site.
  • Surgery is usually reserved as a last resort. A surgeon may partially or entirely release the plantar fascia and gastrocnemius muscle.

Summary

Plantar fasciitis is a painful medical condition affecting the heel of the foot. Too much stress, repetitive movements, or wear and tear can create tiny tears in the band of tissue that stretches from your heel to your toes.

Plantar fasciitis can be challenging, and finding a treatment that works is often frustrating.

Cryotherapy may relieve the pain and help the healing process when used in conjunction with other treatments and therapies.

Ask your doctor if cryotherapy could help you. In the meantime, try wearing comfortable, flat shoes with good arch supports and apply ice to the area when it starts to hurt.

Kristi Van Winkle, BSN. RN

Kristi Van Winkle is a Registered Nurse and a freelance health and medical writer. She draws upon her experiences at the bedside during her 15-year nursing career to create easy-to-understand and actionable medical content for a variety of media. 

Sources:

Briskin, G. B., (n. d.) Cryotherapy for plantar fasciitis and nerve pain. https://www.footankleinstitute.com/treatments/cryotherapy-for-nerve-pain

Buchanan B. K. and Kushner D., (2022). Plantar Fasciitis. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK431073/

Costantino C., et al., (2014). Cryoultrasound therapy in the treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis with heel spurs. A randomized controlled clinical study. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24172641/

Kwiecien S. Y. McHugh M. P., (2021). The cold truth: the role of cryotherapy in the treatment of injury and recovery from exercise. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33877402/

Pribut S. M., DPM, (2007). Current Approaches to the Management of Plantar Heel Pain Syndrome, Including the Role of Injectable Corticosteroids. https://japmaonline.org/view/journals/apms/97/1/0970068.xm

Prohaska J. and Jan A. H., (2022). Cryotherapy. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482319/

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